Hordeolum (Stye)
A comprehensive overview of hordeolum, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
Eyelid Disorder
H00.01–H00.03
Acute
Yes
Overview
A hordeolum (stye) is an acute bacterial infection of an eyelid gland. External hordeola involve the glands of Zeis or Moll, while internal hordeola involve the meibomian glands. Most cases are caused by Staphylococcus aureus and present with a painful, localized eyelid swelling.
Symptoms & Signs
- Painful red eyelid lump
- Tenderness
- Localized swelling
- Tearing
- Foreign body sensation
- Occasional mucopurulent discharge
Risk Factors
- Blepharitis
- Meibomian gland dysfunction
- Demodex infestation
- Rosacea
- Poor eyelid hygiene
- History of recurrent styes
Diagnosis
- History and symptom review
- External examination
- Slit-lamp examination
- Eyelid eversion if indicated
- Assessment for associated blepharitis or MGD
Differential Diagnosis
| Condition | Distinguishing Feature |
|---|---|
| Chalazion | Painless chronic granuloma |
| Preseptal cellulitis | Diffuse eyelid infection |
| Sebaceous gland carcinoma | Persistent recurrent lesion |
| Blepharitis | Diffuse lid margin inflammation |
Treatment
- Warm compresses 10–15 minutes, 3–4 times daily
- Lid hygiene
- Topical antibiotic ointment when indicated
- Oral antibiotics if associated with preseptal cellulitis or severe infection
- Incision and drainage for persistent lesions
Complications
- Chalazion formation
- Preseptal cellulitis
- Recurrent infections
- Scarring (rare)
Common ICD-10 Codes
| Code | Description |
|---|---|
| H00.011 | Hordeolum externum, right upper eyelid |
| H00.014 | Hordeolum externum, left upper eyelid |
| H00.021 | Hordeolum internum, right upper eyelid |
| H00.029 | Hordeolum internum, unspecified eyelid |
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I pop a stye?
No. Avoid squeezing or popping a hordeolum because it may worsen the infection or spread bacteria.
When should I see an eye doctor?
Seek evaluation if the lesion is worsening, affects vision, recurs frequently, or fails to improve after several days of conservative treatment.
Medical Disclaimer
The information provided on Kardia Vision is intended for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Contact an eye care professional if eyelid swelling worsens, vision changes develop, or symptoms fail to improve.